Power Supply for Espressif Module with Battery Charger & Boost Converter

Power Supply for ESP32

We will discuss the integration of a power supply for the ESP32 Board. Additionally, we will add a Boost Converter Circuit to enable the use of a 3.7V Lithium-Ion Battery for powering the ESP32. Since Lithium-Ion Batteries can discharge, we will integrate a Battery Charger Circuit along with a Battery Management System. Many Lithium-Ion/Lithium Polymer Batteries can only charge up to 4.2V, which is low for the ESP32 Board. 

Therefore, we need to increase the battery voltage from 2.8V-3.7V to 5V. This necessitates the use of a compact Boost Converter Module build with inductors, ICs, and resistors. To facilitate battery charging and management, we will use the TP4056 Battery Charger Module. Alternatively, we can also power the circuit using a 9V/12V DC Adapter. The LM7805 Voltage Regulator IC restricts the voltage to 5V. If you are not going to use a battery for power, you can utilize the DC Power Adapter or a 9V Battery.

ESP32 Power Requirement

The ESP32 Board’s operating voltage is between 2.2V to 3.6V. But we can supply 5V from the Micro-USB port. For applying 3.3V there is already an LDO voltage regulator on the module to keep the voltage steady at 3.3V. ESP32 can be powered using Micro USB port and VIN pin (from external supply).

The power requirement of ESP32 is 600mA of that ESP32 pulls only 250mA during the RF transmissions. When it is performing boot or wifi operation it’s drawing more than 200mA current. Thus supplying power from Micro-USB Cable is not enough for ESP32 Board when we need to add multiple sensors or modules to the Board. This is because Computer USB port can provide less than 500mA of current. Check more on power requirements of ESP32 here ESP32 Datasheet.

Hardware Requirements

Following are the components required for making this ESP32 Power Supply project. You can get all the components from our Campus Component store.

The above shown is the Step-Up DC-DC Boost converter module which provides 5V DC stable voltage output for various input ranges between 1.5V to 5V. This small tiny circuit boosts the voltage level and provides the amplified stabilized 5V output. This module operates at a frequency of 150KHZ. It utilizes varying amounts of current to generate a balanced output for different input ranges.

Read more about Boost Converter

TP4056 Battery Charger Module

The TP4056 module is designed specifically for charging rechargeable lithium batteries through the constant-current/constant-voltage (CC/CV) charging technique. Apart from ensuring the safe charging of lithium batteries, the TP4056 BMS Board incorporates essential protection mechanisms for lithium batteries. It is compatible with both USB power and adapter power supplies. Also because of its internal PMOSFET architecture and anti-reverse charging path, there is no need for external isolation diodes. 

TP4056 Module Datasheet.

Power Supply for ESP32 with Battery Charger & Boost Converter

The circuit can be powered by using two methods, one with 9V/12V DC Adapter and other with 3.7V Lithium-Ion Battery.

To power the board through the DC Jack, we've added here a DCJ0202 Female Jack. Also we have added 470uF and 100uF Electrolytic Capacitors that serve to lower the DC fluctuations and eliminate voltage spikes. The LM7805 Voltage Regulator IC is capable of handling input voltages ranging from 7V to 35V, although it's advisable to stay within the 15V limit. Higher input voltages result in increase in heat dissipation thus we have to add a larger heat sink. Connecting the Voltage regulator's output to the Vin pin of the ESP32 and grounding it ensures the module can be powered using a 9V/12V DC Adapter or a 9V Battery.

Alternatively, if opting not to utilize a DC Adapter for ESP32 power, a 3.7V Lithium-Ion or Lithium Polymer Battery can be used. Utilizing the Boost Converter Module, the 3.7V is increased to 5V, operating within the 2.8V to 4.2V input range. The boosted 5V is connected to a switch, and the switch is linked to the 5V Vin pin of the ESP32. The Battery terminal is also connected to the output terminal of the TP4056 Battery Charger Module, allowing the battery to be charged using a 5V MicroUSB Data Cable. 

Conclusion

Thus by including a Battery Charger and Boost Converter to power up the esp32, we can create a flexible and efficient power for the unique requirements of the ESP32 platform. Reach out to the Campus Component- an electronics parts suppliers today, if you are building a Battery charger, Boost converter and looking for electronic components such as ESP32 and other microcontrollers from trusted brands such as Mornsun, Espressif, AIT, IKSEMI other components.